Prunus ferganensis

The Dawan Peach (Prunus ferganensis (Kostina & Rjabov) Y.Y.Yao ex Y.H.Tong & N.H.Xia) is a deciduous tree in the genus Prunus of the Rosaceae family. Reaching heights of up to 8 meters, the tree features glabrous, reddish-brown branches marked with distinct lenticels. Its winter buds are clustered in groups of 2–3 in the leaf axils and are covered with short pubescence. The leaves are lanceolate, 7–15 cm in length, with 12–14 pairs of lateral veins that extend directly to the leaf margin without forming a reticulate (net-like) pattern. The flowers are solitary, 3–4 cm in diameter, and pink in color. The fruit (drupe) is oblate and juicy with a freestone pit; the stone surface is characterized by distinctive longitudinal parallel grooves.

Native to Xinjiang, China, this species is also extensively cultivated throughout Central Asia. It blooms from March to April and bears fruit in August. Due to the fruit's fragile nature and poor transportability, it is primarily grown as a local specialty cultivar. Genomic research indicates that the Kansu Peach (P. kansuensis) contributed to the formation of the Dawan Peach, while its direct wild ancestor is the Tibetan Peach (P. mira). Major cultivated varieties include the 'Xinjiang Large Sweet Kernel' and 'Xinjiang Small Sweet Kernel'.